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A concept within Irish republicanism, Irish republican legitimatism denies the legitimacy of the polities of Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland and posits that the pre-partition Irish Republic continues to exist. The concept shapes aspects of, but is not synonymous with, abstentionism. Groups which advocate this concept include Republican Sinn Féin, the Continuity Irish Republican Army, Cumann na mBan and Fianna Éireann. ==Historical development== Republican legitimatists adopt a traditional Irish republican analysis that views the Irish Republic as proclaimed "in arms" during the 1916 Easter Rising as the sole legitimate authority on the island of Ireland. This view is partly shared by all political parties in the present-day Republic of Ireland, who believe the secessionist and abstentionist First Dáil, which "ratified" the Republic proclaimed in 1916, is a predecessor to the current, internationally recognised, Dáil. It is on the issue of the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty that republican legitimatism departs from mainstream constitutional understanding. It views the Anglo-Irish Treaty as incompatible with the Irish Republic and thus null and void. Although the Treaty was endorsed by the majority of TDs of the Second Dáil, republican legitimatists argue that the vote was invalid as all TDs had, prior to their election, taken a solemn oath to defend the Irish Republic, and that people could not possibly express their true desires on the treaty, as the British had threatened a massive escalation, "immediate and terrible war" as they phrased it, if it was not accepted. On the basis of these views, republican legitimatism argued that: * all Irish parliaments convened since the Second Dáil in 1921 are illegitimate as they were established by a piece of British legislation, the Government of Ireland Act 1920; * the 64 TDs who voted for the Treaty in 1922 had violated their oath to the Irish Republic and abdicated their legitimacy; * The Second Dáil had never formally dissolved itself. The pro- and anti-treaty factions of Sinn Féin attempted to present a united block of candidates for the 1922 general election in the 26 counties for the Third Dáil; 58 pro-treaty Sinn Féin members were re-elected compared with 36 anti-treaty members. Of these, 17 of the 58 and 16 of the 36 were returned unopposed. Following the outbreak of the Irish Civil War, the Second Dáil was never dissolved and the (All Ireland) Third Dáil never convened. Led by Éamon de Valera and others, the Second Dáil TDs who had voted against the Treaty abstained from the (26 county) Provisional Parliament of the Free State and the subsequent Oireachtas of the Irish Free State. They and their opponents engaged in the Irish civil war in 1922-23. Although de Valera had resigned as President of the Republic on 7 January 1922, and had not been re-elected on a very close Dáil vote two days later, a meeting of the IRA Army Executive at Poulatar, Ballybacon on 17 October 1922 adopted a proclamation "reinstating" de Valera as "President of the Republic" and "Chief Executive of the State". The "Emergency Government," as de Valera called it in his autobiography, was established on 25 October 1922.〔(Seamus Fox's Chronology of Irish History 1919–1923 )〕〔(Éamonn de Bhailéara (Eamon de Valera) entry on Archontology.org website )〕〔(The World at War – Ireland Timeline 1918–1948 ) claims the meeting was held on 26 October. Another source claims the meeting that meeting was held on 9 September 1922.〕 Members of this Republican government were: * Éamon de Valera - "President of the Republic" (after his arrest in 1923, substituted by Patrick J. Ruttledge)〔 * Patrick J. Ruttledge - "Minister of Home Affairs" * Austin Stack - "Minister of Finance" De Valera also appointed twelve members of the Second Dáil to act as a Council of State.〔 They were: *Robert Barton (who had signed the Treaty) - chairman of the Agricultural Credit Corporation from 1934–1954 *Michael Colivet - did not join Fianna Fáil as he refused to take the Oath of Allegiance *Laurence Ginnell (died 1923) *Mary MacSwiney - signed 1938 statement *Seán Moylan (joined Fianna Fail in 1926) *Kathleen O'Callaghan *Seán Ó Ceallaigh (John J. O'Kelly) - signed 1938 statement *Seán T. O'Kelly (helped to found Fianna Fail in 1926) *Seán O'Μahony (remained with Sinn Féin after the 1926 split-died 1934) *Count Plunkett - signed 1938 statement *P. J. Ruttledge (helped to found Fianna Fail in 1926) *Austin Stack (remained with Sinn Féin after the 1926 split-died 1929) This "Government of the Republic", however, was unable to assert the authority it claimed to possess. Effectively an internal government-in-exile, one of its first acts was to rescind the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It continued to meet even after subsequent elections had been held in jurisdiction of the Free State. Styling themselves Comhairle na dTeachtaí, the members of the rump Second Dáil were joined by anti-Treaty republican TDs elected at subsequent elections. The IRA initially recognised the authority of the rump Second Dáil but increased distrust between the two bodies led the IRA to withdraw its support in 1925. At the 1926 Sinn Féin ard fheis, Éamon de Valera (then president of the party) effectively called for the abandonment of the legitimatist argument by proposing that the party accept the Free State constitution and return to electoral politics contingent on the abolition of the Oath of Allegiance to the Crown. Opponents of the proposal, led by Father Michael O’Flanagan and Mary MacSwiney,〔Maria Luddy, ‘MacSwiney, Mary Margaret (1872–1942)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004〕 defeated his motion by a vote of 223 to 218. De Valera subsequently resigned as Sinn Féin president to form a new party, Fianna Fáil, which entered the Dáil of the Irish Free State in 1927, reducing the ranks of this rump Second Dáil even further. From this point onwards, de Valera and his followers were seen as having departed from the principles of republicanism by republican legitimatists, who set up Comhairle na Poblachta as a body to popularise its claims. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Irish republican legitimatism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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